Morphine

Drug Name : Morphine
Indications : Morphine is widely used therapeutically as an analgesicMorphine has two derivatives, heroin and codeine which are used as a drug of abuse.
Physiology : Morphine, the major phenathrene alkaloid of powdered opium is used for relief or moderate to severe acute and chronic pain after non-narcotic analgesics have failed. It is also used as preanesthetic medication, to relieve the pain of myocardial infarction and to relieve the dyspnea of acute left ventricular failure and pulmonary edema.
Normal Values : Negative
Critical Values : > 300 ng/mL
Test Method : Gas liquid chromatography
Side effects : CNS depression, nausea and vomiting, hypotension, bradycardia, histamine release, increased intracrainal pressure, antidiuretic hormone release, and physical and psychological dependence.