• A bruise in the tissues around the eye/eyes

• Results from injury to face/head

• Causes swelling and dark coloration of eye

• Hence, "black eye"

• Usually a minor problem

• Sometimes it indicates a serious injury

• One or both eye affected

Causes

• Blow to eye / nose

• Facial surgical procedures 

• Allergies

• Bites

Symptoms

• Discoloration of eye

• Swelling

• Blow to nose causes swelling of eye 

• Head injuries may blacken/swell  eyes

• Pain

• Blurry vision due to swelling

• Headache

Symptoms of severity

• Persistent headache

• Double vision

• Inability to move eye/eyes

• Blood on eye surface

• Blood/fluid issue from nose, ears

• Loss of consciousness

• Loss of sight

Treatment

• Black eyes generally heals within a few days

• Consult with specialist for serious injuries

Home remedy

• Apply ice for 20 min/hour, first two days

• If not better, apply warm compress once in two hours

• Do not use ice directly

• Wrap ice in cloth or use commercial pack

• Continue cold compress till severity eases

• Take acetaminophen, for pain relief

• Avoid aspirins / non-steroidal medications

• These medications may cause bleeding

• Stay away from strenuous activity

• See a medical specialist as soon as possible

Treatment for complications

• For head injuries-Neurosurgeon

• For nose injuries-ENT specialist

• For eye injuries-Ophthalmologist

• For face

• Injuries/disfigurement-Plastic surgeon

• Carry out follow-up as advised by doctor

Prevention

• Protect your eyes always

• Ensure safety at home by removing unwanted objects

• Avoid fist fights